The Sino-American relations have grown in tension since the onset of the trade frictions in 2017 with a technological war taking place between the two hegemons. Bilateral tensions were further aggravated when the American Administration under Trump adopted radical measures against Chinese telecommunication company Huawei on grounds of threats to national security. The two countries have been engaging in fierce competition in terms of technological development and research, especially regarding cutting-edge industries such as advanced semiconductors, artificial intelligence (AI) and 5G (Kahata, 2020).

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